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|subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Essex |government_footnotes = 〔 |government_type = Borough |governing_body = Borough Council |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Peter A. Hughes (term ends December 31, 2015)〔(2015 New Jersey Mayors Directory ), New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, as of October 20, 2015. Accessed November 11, 2015.〕 |leader_title1 = Administrator / Clerk |leader_name1 = Michael Rohal〔(Administration & Finance ), Glen Ridge Borough. Accessed November 27, 2011.〕 |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = February 13, 1895 |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = 〔(2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.〕 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 3.332 |area_land_km2 = 3.320 |area_water_km2 = 0.012 |area_total_sq_mi = 1.287 |area_land_sq_mi = 1.282 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.005 |area_water_percent = 0.36 |area_rank = 475th of 566 in state 21st of 22 in county〔 |population_as_of = 2010 Census |population_footnotes = 〔(DP-1 – Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Glen Ridge borough, Essex County, New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 1, 2012.〕〔〔(Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Glen Ridge borough ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed March 1, 2012.〕 |population_total = 7527 |population_rank = 305th of 566 in state 18th of 22 in county〔(GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – State – County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 5, 2012.〕 |population_density_km2 = 2267.5 |population_density_sq_mi = 5872.8 |population_density_rank = 87th of 566 in state 11th of 22 in county〔 |population_est = 7681 |pop_est_as_of = 2014 |pop_est_footnotes = 〔 |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = Eastern (EDT) |utc_offset_DST = -4 |elevation_footnotes = 〔, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 5, 2013.〕 |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = 197 |coordinates_type = region:US_type:city |coordinates_region = US-NJ |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_footnotes = 〔〔(US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |latd = 40.804798 |longd = -74.204569 |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 07028〔(Look Up a ZIP Code for Glen Ridge, NJ ), United States Postal Service. Accessed November 27, 2011.〕〔(Zip Codes ), State of New Jersey. Accessed August 28, 2013.〕 |area_code = 973〔(Area Code Lookup – NPA NXX for Glen Ridge, NJ ), Area-Codes.com. Accessed October 14, 2013.〕 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 3401326610〔〔(American FactFinder ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕〔(A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey ), Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed September 7, 2012.〕 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 2390559〔〔(US Board on Geographic Names ), United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |website = |footnotes = }} Glen Ridge is a borough in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 7,527,〔〔〔 reflecting an increase of 256 (+3.5%) from the 7,271 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 195 (+2.8%) from the 7,076 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed September 7, 2012.〕 Glen Ridge was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 13, 1895, from portions of Bloomfield Township, based on the results of a referendum held the previous day.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 128. Accessed March 1, 2012.〕 In 1982, the official name was changed to the "Township of Glen Ridge Borough" as one of seven four Essex County municipalities to pass a referendum to become a township, joining 11 municipalities that had already made the change, of what would ultimately be more than a dozen Essex County municipalities to reclassify themselves as townships in order take advantage of federal revenue sharing policies that allocated townships a greater share of government aid to municipalities on a per capita basis.〔("Chapter VI: Municipal Names and Municipal Classification" ), p. 73. New Jersey State Commission on County and Municipal Government, 1992. Accessed September 24, 2015.〕〔("Removing Tiering From The Revenue Sharing Formula Would Eliminate Payment Inequities To Local Governments" ), Government Accountability Office, April 15, 1982. Accessed September 24, 2015. "In 1978, South Orange Village was the first municipality to change its name to the 'township' of South Orange Village effective beginning in entitlement period 10 (October 1978 to September 1979). The Borough of Fairfield in 1978 changed its designation by a majority vote of the electorate and became the 'Township of Fairfield' effective beginning entitlement period 11 (October 1979 to September 1980).... However, the Revenue Sharing Act was not changed and the actions taken by South Orange and Fairfield prompted the Town of Montclair and West Orange to change their designation by referendum in the November 4, 1980, election. The municipalities of Belleville, Verona, Bloomfield, Nutley, Essex Fells, Caldwell, and West Caldwell have since changed their classification from municipality to a township."〕〔Narvaez, Alfonso A. ("New Jersey Journal" ), ''The New York Times'', December 27, 1981. Accessed September 24, 2015. "Under the Federal system, New Jersey's portion of the revenue sharing funds is disbursed among the 21 counties to create three 'money pools.' One is for county governments, one for 'places' and a third for townships. By making the change, a community can use the 'township advantage' to get away from the category containing areas with low per capita incomes."〕〔Karcher, Alan J. (''New Jersey's Multiple Municipal Madness'' ), pp. 119-120. Rutgers University Press, 1998. ISBN 9780813525662. Accessed September 24, 2015.〕 Effective May 1993, the borough's original name of "Glen Ridge Borough" was restored.〔(Geographic Change Notes: New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 1, 2012. "Glen Ridge borough, Essex County: new incorporation from all Glen Ridge Borough township, effective May, 1993 (Census place: 1960; FIPS: 26610)"〕 The borough's name comes from the ridge formed by Toney's Brook.〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed August 31, 2015.〕 Of the many legacies left to the town by its founders, the one that has become its trademark is the gas lamps. With only 3,000 gaslights remaining in operation in the entire United States, Glen Ridge has 665 such lamps lighting its streets.〔Read, Phillip. "In Glen Ridge, the future has a Manhattan flair and a French twist; Work begins on a big ratable: Luxury condos with the fancy name", ''The Star-Ledger'', March 30, 2005.〕 In 1924, Glen Ridge became the first municipality in New Jersey to establish a zoning ordinance.〔Peterson, Mary Jo; and Gebeloff, Mark. "WHERE HOUSES DEFY THE DECADES; It's no accident that most Glen Ridge homes are old: The town sees red if you defy the blueprints.", ''The Star-Ledger', December 27, 2002.〕 In 2010, Glen Ridge was ranked as the 38th Best Place to live by ''New Jersey Monthly'' magazine.〔Roll, Erin. ("NJ Monthly: Glen Ridge 38th best place to live" ), ''Glen Ridge Voice'', February 24, 2010. Accessed November 27, 2011.〕 ==History== Glen Ridge traces its beginning to 1666 when 64 Connecticut families led by Robert Treat bought land from the Lenni Lenape Native Americans and named it New Ark to reflect a covenant to worship freely without persecution. The territory included the future towns of Bloomfield, Montclair, Belleville and Nutley. When Bloomfield was established in 1812, Glen Ridge was a section "on the hill" composed mostly of farms and woodlands with the exception of a thriving industrial area along Toney's Brook in the glen.〔Herman, Jennifer (''New Jersey Encyclopedia'' ), p. 280. State History Publications, 2008. ISBN 9781878592446. Accessed August 31, 2015.〕 For most of the nineteenth century, three water-powered mills produced lumber, calico, pasteboard boxes and brass fittings. A copper mine and a sandstone quarry were nearby. With the arrival of the Newark and Bloomfield Railroad in 1856 with the construction of the Glen Ridge station and the New York and Greenwood Lake Railway station at today's Benson Street in 1872, Glen Ridge began its transition to a suburban residential community. Stately homes slowly replaced orchards and wooded fields. Mountainside Hospital, a local hospital with more than 300 beds now known as HackensackUMC Mountainside, was founded in 1891.〔(About Us ), HackensackUMC Mountainside. Accessed July 22, 2014. "HackensackUMC Mountainside has been serving Montclair and its surrounding New Jersey communities since 1891."〕 The Glen Ridge Country Club was founded in 1894, making it one of the state's oldest clubs.〔Mazzola, Jessica. ("One of N.J.'s oldest country clubs getting $11M makeover" ), NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, November 28, 2015. Accessed November 29, 2015. "The Glen Ridge Country Club's 40,000 square foot clubhouse still retains some of the original structure from when it was built in 1894, according to Jim Kirkos, the club's president."〕 Residents "on the hill" became unhappy with their representation on the Bloomfield Council. In spite of repeated requests to Bloomfield officials, roads remained unpaved, water and sewer systems were nonexistent, and schools were miles away. Area residents marked out the boundaries of a area to secede from the adjoining town. At the election held on February 12, 1895, the decision to secede passed by only 23 votes. Robert Rudd was elected the first mayor of Glen Ridge.〔Staff. ("Glen Ridge Excited: The Borough Question Warmly Discussed Last Evening" ), ''Newark Sunday Call'', February 3, 1895. Accessed April 21, 2012.〕 In 1989, athletes from the high school were involved in the sexual assault of a mentally handicapped student. Three teenagers were found guilty of first-degree aggravated sexual assault; a fourth was convicted of third-degree conspiracy.〔Hanley, Robert. ("4 Are Convicted in Sexual Abuse Of Retarded New Jersey Woman" ), ''The New York Times'', March 17, 1993. Accessed August 30, 2011.〕 Author Bernard Lefkowitz wrote about the incident in the 1997 book ''Our Guys: The Glen Ridge Rape and the Secret Life of the Perfect Suburb''.〔Banks, Russell. ("A Whole Lot of Poor Judgment" ), ''The New York Times'', August 3, 1997. Accessed August 30, 2011.〕 Lefkowitz's book was adapted into the 1999 TV movie ''Our Guys: Outrage at Glen Ridge''.〔(''Our Guys: Outrage at Glen Ridge'' ), ''The New York Times''. Accessed August 30, 2011.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Glen Ridge, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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